Understand how SportGait works (Journal of Pediatric Neuropsychology)

 
The study, involving 817 subjects (924 total) with 107 recent concussions, reveals that SportGait predicts CDC concussion symptoms three weeks post-incident with 6-7 times greater effectiveness than ImPACT. The Short CCPT 3 performs even better within 7 days, independently of ADHD diagnoses, and predicts concussion history. With an 88.7% classification accuracy, it effectively differentiates between concussed and non-concussed individuals, offering diagnostic support for return-to-play/learn/work decisions. The Short CCPT 3's long-term sensitivity makes it valuable in identifying cognitive-specific concussions and assessing the effectiveness of cognitive interventions. 

 Despite extensive concussion education, athletes often make unsafe decisions such as underreporting symptoms and continuing to play. The study explores whether participating in a standardized baseline concussion assessment (SportGait) influences athletes' knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions regarding concussion safety decisions. Results show that athletes who completed SportGait baseline testing before a survey demonstrated greater agreement with favorable concussion safety decisions in hypothetical scenarios compared to those who completed testing after the survey. 

 In a sample of 111 cases, machine learning techniques, including a general linear model and deep learning, utilizing SportGait data achieved high accuracies of 91% and 84.8%, along with AUCs of 1.0 and .947, respectively, in predicting a pediatric neurologist's safe/remove from play decisions for athletes post-concussion. Despite the relatively small sample size and unmeasured factors, the results suggest that SportGait data can be used by non-experts to guide decisions closely aligned with those made by pediatric neurologists, demonstrating the potential for accurate decision-making in concussion management. 

In a study involving 113 individuals aged 6–17 undergoing post-concussion evaluation and 84 completing standardized baseline assessments, SportGait measures, including neurobehavioral and neurocognitive domains (CCPT 3, BESS, NIH 4m gait), collectively predict 33% of the variance in CDC concussion symptom endorsement after controlling for age. Specifically, the neurocognitive test alone (CCPT 3) accounts for 21.5% of the variance, while the neurobehavioral measures (BESS and NIH 4-Meter Gait) contribute an additional 11.5%, resulting in a marked increase in predictive validity compared to existing measures in concussion assessments. Both neurobehavioral and neurocognitive domains offer unique and substantial information regarding symptom endorsement. 

Assessing both neurocognitive processes and motor control is crucial in concussion evaluations, as neglecting either domain weakens the assessment's sensitivity. The selection of measures for diagnostic decisions should prioritize reliability and validity, and poor reliability undermines validity, explaining limitations in the predictive ability of ImPACT scores. In contrast, measures in the SportGait battery, such as the NIH 4-meter gait test, demonstrate consistently high reliability, emphasizing their reliability and potential superiority in concussion assessments compared to alternatives like ImPACT and SCAT. 

This study introduces a method using raw accelerometer data to reconstruct the gait cycle through BioKinetoGraph (BKG). It explores the association between BKG and NIH 4-meter gait, compares BKG to other neurobehavioral measures in predicting concussion symptoms, and evaluates the impact of footwear and walking surface on gait. Findings indicate the need to standardize footwear and walking surface variables, establish good test-retest reliability for BKG, and demonstrate that BKG outperforms BESS and NIH 4-meter gait in predicting CDC concussion symptoms, with a 2-3 fold improvement. 

This study proposes using the scientific literature to identify concussion assessment tests that meet best practice criteria and aims to create an adaptable battery that evolves with scientific advancements. The overview of findings for both the original SportGait platform and the mobile platform reveals that a concise battery lasting 10-12 minutes can effectively assess neurocognitive, neurobehavioral, self-reported symptoms, and mood, maintaining strong psychometrics and predictive capabilities for concussion outcomes. 

This study investigates the feasibility of using a 7-minute mobile phone version of the CCPT3 as an objective measure of concussion outcomes. Results indicate that the mobile CCPT3 accounts for 19% of the variance in CDC concussion symptom severity, predicts 27.6% of the variance in total symptom severity among those with concussions, and achieves an overall classification efficiency of 87.4% for group membership prediction. The mobile cognitive assessment demonstrates large effect sizes in predicting CDC concussion symptoms, offering a timely and informative tool for assessing concussion severity and informing return-to-play decisions, especially when self-reported symptoms may be unavailable or inaccurate. 

The study introduces and clinically analyzes an accelerometer-based mobile gait assessment designed to evaluate the neuromotor sequelae of concussions in both adolescents and adults. The focus is on understanding the impact of concussions on gait using a mobile device and assessing its potential as a diagnostic tool for evaluating neuromotor outcomes in this population.